Located a mere 33 kilometers south of Mihanari, Mombasa’s bustling hub, lies the breathtaking Shimba Hills National Reserve in Kwale District. This verdant oasis is teeming with life, boasting an incredible array of flora and fauna, including one of the highest concentrations of African elephants in Kenya.
The reserve’s diverse landscape is a tapestry of tropical plantations, forests, grasslands, and scrublands, woven together to create a unique coastal habitat. This ecological gem is home to one of East Africa’s largest and most pristine coastal forests, second only to the renowned Arabuko-Sokaka forest.
Spanning an impressive 300 square kilometers, Shimba Hills National Reserve boasts a tropical climate characterized by balmy temperatures and high humidity. The reserve receives an annual rainfall of 855-1,682 millimeters, with a mean temperature of 25°C.
The rolling hills offer breathtaking vantage points, affording spectacular views of the undulating countryside, the Tsavo plains, and Taita hills to the west. On a clear day, the Indian Ocean and Chale Island shimmer in the distance to the east.
Conveniently situated for a day excursion from Mombasa or Diani Beach, the reserve is easily accessible by road via Diani or by air to Ukunda airstrip, followed by a short drive. The main entrance gate is just three kilometers from Kwale town. Other Entrance Gates to Shimba Hills National Reserve include Kivumoni Gate, Shimba Gate and Kikongo Gate.
Shimba Hills is a vital area for plant biodiversity, harboring over 50% of Kenya’s 159 rare plant species, including endangered cycads and orchids. The reserve is also a haven for birds and butterflies, boasting an impressive array of species.
The reserve is home to approximately 700 elephants, a number that exceeds sustainable levels. This has led to significant vegetation damage, threatening the very existence of endangered plant life. Human-elephant conflict has also reached critical levels. To mitigate these issues, the Mwaluganje elephant sanctuary was established north of the reserve, providing a safe passage for elephants to leave the park. The remaining park boundary is fenced to prevent elephants from encroaching on farmland. In 2005, the Kenya Wildlife Service planned to relocate up to 400 elephants from Shimba to Tsavo East National Park.
Shimba Hills is also home to Kenya’s only population of Sable Antelope, with approximately 100 individuals residing within the park.
Attractions found at Shimba Hills National Reserve.
Shimba Hills National Reserve is a veritable treasure trove of natural wonders, boasting an impressive array of attractions that cater to diverse interests and preferences. One of the reserve’s most notable features is its Elephant Habitat, which provides a safe and nurturing sanctuary for over 700 African elephants. This habitat is a shining testament to the reserve’s unwavering commitment to conservation, offering a vast and protected space for these majestic creatures to roam freely, forage for food, and socialize with each other.
As visitors explore the reserve, they may be fortunate enough to catch glimpses of the elusive Sable Antelope, Kenya’s only population of which resides within the reserve. With their striking black coats, regal demeanor, and impressive horns, these antelopes are a sight to behold. Visitors can observe these magnificent creatures as they graze in the reserve’s lush grasslands, their coats glistening in the sunlight.
For those seeking adventure and a dash of excitement, Sheldrick Falls is a must-visit attraction. Located within the reserve, these picturesque waterfalls cascade down a rocky slope, creating a misty veil that surrounds the surrounding landscape. Visitors can hike to the falls, enjoying the scenic views and tranquil atmosphere along the way. As they walk, they may hear the sweet songs of birds, such as the African fish eagle and the palm-nut vulture, or catch glimpses of smaller creatures, like the bushbuck and the duiker.
Shimba Hills is also renowned for its Spectacular View Points, which offer breathtaking panoramas of the surrounding landscape. From these vantage points, visitors can gaze out upon the rolling hills, vast grasslands, and distant forests, taking in the reserve’s sheer natural beauty. On a clear day, visitors can see for miles, spotting landmarks like the Indian Ocean and the Taita Hills.
The Mwaluganje Forest, located within the reserve, is another attraction that warrants exploration. This lush forest is home to a diverse array of flora and fauna, including rare bird species, like the Fischer’s turaco and the yellow-rumped seedeater, and towering trees, like the African mahogany and the East African cedar. Visitors can embark on guided forest walks, uncovering the secrets of this enchanting ecosystem and learning about the intricate relationships between the forest’s inhabitants.
Last but not least, the Scenic Landscape of Shimba Hills is an attraction in its own right. The reserve’s diverse terrain, which encompasses hills, valleys, and grasslands, creates a visually stunning landscape that is sure to leave visitors in awe. Whether explored on foot or by vehicle, the scenic landscape of Shimba Hills is an unforgettable experience. Visitors can take in the majestic views, snap photographs, or simply sit back and soak up the tranquility of this natural wonderland.
Activities done in Shimba Hills National Reserve.
Shimba Hills National Reserve offers a wide range of activities that cater to diverse interests and adventure levels. One of the most popular activities is Game Viewing, which allows visitors to explore the reserve’s rich wildlife. With over 700 elephants, as well as sable antelopes, buffaloes, and numerous bird species, game viewing at Shimba Hills is an unforgettable experience. Visitors can embark on guided game drives, exploring the reserve’s scenic landscapes and spotting wildlife in their natural habitats.
For those seeking a more immersive experience, Camping is an excellent option. Shimba Hills offers several campsites, each equipped with basic amenities and offering stunning views of the surrounding landscape. Visitors can spend the night under the stars, listening to the sounds of the African wilderness and waking up to the calls of birds and the rustling of leaves.
Trekking is another activity that allows visitors to explore Shimba Hills’ scenic landscapes on foot. Guided treks can be arranged, taking visitors through the reserve’s forests, grasslands, and hills. Along the way, visitors can spot wildlife, learn about the local flora and fauna, and take in the breathtaking views.
For a more leisurely experience, Walking Safaris are an excellent option. Accompanied by experienced guides, visitors can embark on gentle walks through the reserve, taking in the sights and sounds of the African wilderness. Walking safaris offer a unique opportunity to connect with nature, spot wildlife, and enjoy the serene beauty of Shimba Hills.
How-to get to Shimba Hills National Reserve:
Located approximately 30 kilometers southwest of Mombasa, Kenya’s second-largest city, the reserve is easily accessible.
From Mombasa, start by taking the ferry from Likoni, which connects you to the southern coastline, home to stunning Diani and Tiwi beaches. Next, head 10 kilometers south on the main A14 coastal highway until you reach the main crossroads. From there, take the C106 road, which winds its way up to Kwale Town. The reserve’s main entrance is conveniently located just 1 kilometer off the C106 road and 3 kilometers from Kwale.
When to visit
The best time to explore this stunning destination is during the drier months, which typically fall between June to September and December to March. Visiting during these periods ensures better game viewing, as animals congregate around water sources, easier hiking and trekking, due to dry terrain, more comfortable temperatures, ranging from 20°C to 30°C (68°F to 86°F) and reduced risk of malaria and other mosquito-borne diseases
Keep in mind that Shimba Hills can experience occasional rain showers, even during the drier months. Be sure to pack accordingly and check with park authorities for up-to-date weather information.